日本興業銀行
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目錄 |
2000年9月29日由日本興業銀行、富士銀行和第一勸業銀行組成日本瑞穗金融集團，於2003年1月成立。
日本興業銀行(株式會社日本興業銀行,日語：Kabushiki-gaisha Nippon Kōgyō Ginkō，英語：The Industrial Bank of Japan, Limited，簡稱IBJ)
日本興業銀行創建於1902年，至今已有90年的歷史。戰後，日本興業銀行由政府的專門金融機構轉變為民間的長期信用銀行。
多年來，在金融界激烈的競爭中，日本興業銀行以自己雄厚的實力和豐富的經驗，贏得了廣大客戶的支持和信賴。到目前為止，在200家日本最優秀企業中有90%是興業銀行的客戶。
為了發展同中國的友好合作關係，興業銀行在1979年設立了中國委員會。該委員在發展同中國的業務方面發揮了巨大的作用。
順應中國經濟改革的發展需要，興業銀行於1982年開設了北京代表處，並以此為開端，把網點擴大至上海、廣州和大連，另外，協同香港分行、亞洲興銀、和中國銀行合資興辦的中芝興業財務有限公司等，主要通過金融、項目開發，人員培訓等，對中國的現代化進行合作。
在上海，於1981年開設了改革開放後第一家外國銀行的駐滬辦事處。
日本興業銀行上海分行的業務覆蓋全國，具體業務如下：1.外幣存款；2.外幣放款；3.外幣票據貼現；4.外幣投資；5.外幣匯款；6.外匯擔保；7.進出口結算；8.自營或者代客戶買賣外匯；9.代理外幣及外幣票據兌換；10.代理外幣信用卡付款；11.保管及保管箱；12.資信調查和咨詢(關於來華投資，合資伙伴的介紹、合同交涉，資金籌措等的咨詢)。
監管服務針對每一個客戶的特定需要分別進行，由訓練有素的經驗豐富的專門人員負責實施。興業銀行根據客戶的要求不斷增加服務內容，充分利用在銀行擔保領域積累的知識我客戶提供滿意的服務。由於興業銀行在日本擔保服務領域的領先地位，積累第一手信息的能力是另一個突出的表現。
興業銀行的監管系統是SWIFT指向的系統，所有的重要信息都被包含到系統中，通過SWIFT系統自動地發放。通過這個設備，興業銀行做到了高效而直接地信息傳遞過程。另外，通過電子設備自動加工客戶信息的能力與多樣化的擔保和現金償付系統結合了起來。
興業銀行從1956年4月開始為國內外投資者提供監管服務。從那時起，興業銀行開始通過向監管系統持續的投資來提高服務質量，從而加強服務水平和客戶基礎。1998年6月底，銀行的安全服務部獨立開設了一個總部特別負責監管服務，這樣做是為了實現成為最優質的工業銀行的目標，這一點體現了監管服務的責任。
IBJ was originally founded as a public-sector bank under the Industrial Bank of Japan Act of 1902. At that time, Japan was in the throes of its industrial revolution, and there was a strong demand for long-term investment capital. IBJ raised funds by issuing bank debentures.
IBJ also acted as the trustee in corporate debenture issues - notably, the major Japanese railway company issue of 1906 in London, amount to the then-enormous sum of 1 million pounds sterling. These activities contributed to the building of the Japaese domestic securities market, and to the generating of a higher profile for Japanese borrowers in the international market.
This early experience of a sophisticated mix of corporate and investment banking with exposure to trust work is unique to IBJ amongst Japanese banks. In the original Act, there was the wording, “Trust business related to local government bond, corporate bonds, and equities”. This was the first time for the term “trust”, or “shintaku” (信託, “shintaku”), to appear in the Japanese statute book.
The 1918 amendment to the IBJ Act permitted the underwriting and offering of equities. At that point, IBJ had the full capabilities for what is now termed investment banking. However, that was at what proved to be the peak of the demand created for Japanese products by the First World War and the consequent economic boom.
Thereafter, the next 30 years of Japanese history encompassed many adversities for society in general and for financial institutions in particular: the Great Kanto Earthquake, the Showa Financial Panic, and finally, the Second World War and the postwar recovery.
IBJ became a private-sector bank in 1950 and took on legal form under the Long-Term Bank Act of 1952. However the Act was framed within the terms of the US-led Occupation policy of compartmentalizing financial services. IBJ was forced to retreat from much of its former investment banking activities and return principally to long-term lending funding by issuing bank debentures.
During the high-growth period of the Japanese economy in the 1960s, IBJ was particularly active in financing steel production, shipping, shipbuilding, and automobile manufacturing. Following the first oil crisis, Japan moved to a pattern of lower growth as a mature economy, and IBJ expanded its customer base at home, and started the process of expansion overseas.
In Japan, the wholesaling of bank debentures to major financial institutions and the regional banks led to a network of strong relationships. This was all supported by the fact that, originally a public-sector bank, IBJ had no keiretsu affiliations: IBJ has always been independent of the large corporate groupings characteristic of Japan and was hence number 2 banker to each and all of the major keiretsu groupings. Internationally, IBJ was free to pursue its investment banking ambitions.
