俄羅斯耶弗拉茲集團

出自 MBA智库百科(https://wiki.mbalib.com/)

官方網站網址：http://www.evraz.com/

　　俄羅斯耶弗拉茲集團（Evraz）是俄羅斯最大的鋼鐵生產和開采公司之一。俄羅斯首富阿布拉莫維奇2006年6月收購了該公司大股東阿布拉莫夫名下的82.31%股份中的41.3％，成為公司的最大股東。

　　Evraz成立於1992年，2005年6月在倫敦證券交易所公開上市。集團下屬的主要企業包括下塔吉爾、西西伯利亞和新庫茲涅茨克鋼鐵聯合企業這三家俄羅斯主要鑄鋼廠。此外，該公司還大舉涉足和控股礦石開采、煤炭等領域，並已將觸角伸入義大利、美國、南非的鋼鐵行業。公司還占有世界初級礬原料生產市場20%以上的份額。

　　2007年該公司生產了1630萬噸鋼和1520噸軋鋼，與俄羅斯北方鋼鐵公司並駕齊驅，早已步入世界鋼鐵業生產前列。Evraz目前在世界鋼鐵業排名第12位。據專家估算，Evraz資產總值在2006年就已經達到73億美元以上。

　　俄羅斯耶弗拉茲集團（Evraz），在2009年度《財富》世界500強公司中，排名454，營業收入為：203.8億美元。

　　Evraz Group S.A. is a large vertically-integrated steel, mining and vanadium business with operations in the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Europe, USA, Canada and South Africa. The Company is ranked the 14th largest steel producer in the world based on crude steel production of 15.3 million tonnes in 2009. Evraz is largely self-sufficient in respect of its iron ore and coking coal requirements with the majority of its internal consumption covered by its mining operations. Evraz's consolidated revenues for the year ended 31 December 2009 totalled US$9,772 million, while consolidated adjusted EBITDA(1) amounted to US$1,237 million.

　　In 2009, the Company hold large shares of the Russian steel construction product market, in particular of H-beams, channels and rebars. Evraz accounts for 100% of rail sales in Russia and ranks second in the country’s rail wheel market.

　　Evraz is also a major supplier of semi-finished products, slabs and billets to world markets.

　　Evraz is a prominent player in the European plate market.

　　Evraz is the No 1 producer of rails in the USA, the second largest producer of plate in terms of capacity and is acknowledged as a primary North American producer of tubular products, particularly in respect of LD pipes and OCTG pipes.

　　Evraz’s mining operations ensure high levels of self-sufficiency in respect of supplies of iron ore and coking coal required for the Company’s steelmaking processes.

　　Evraz is also an important player in the world vanadium market. The Company’s international vanadium business comprises Evraz Highveld Steel and Vanadium Corporation in South Africa, Vanady-Tula in Russia, Nikom in the Czech Republic and Strategic Minerals Corporation in the United States. The Company produces various vanadium products including ferrovanadium, Nitrovan® vanadium and vanadium oxides and chemicals that are used in steelmaking and other applications.

　　Evraz also owns and operates the Nakhodka Commercial Sea Port (“NTMP”) in the Far East of Russia and Chemzone Ltd., the Carbofer steel distribution network in Russia.

　　In March 2010 Evraz Group successfully tendered to develop the Mezhegey coking coal deposit in the Republic of Tyva, East Siberia.

　　Evraz Group S.A. is a public company registered in Luxembourg. The Company’s Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs), valued on the basis of one GDR equating to one third of one ordinary share, have been traded on the London Stock Exchange, under the stock symbol EVR, since June 2005. GDRs, as of 31 December 2009, represented 28.76% of the Company’s issued share capital.

　　Evraz Group’s principal metallurgical assets include three of Russia’s leading steel plants: Nizhny Tagil Iron and Steel Plant (“NTMK”) in the Urals region and West Siberian Iron and Steel Plant (“Zapsib”) and Novokuznetsk Iron and Steel Plant (“NKMK”) in Siberia. The Company's presence in North America comprises its steelmaking subsidiary Evraz Inc. NA, which includes Evraz Oregon Steel, Evraz Claymont Steel and Evraz Rocky Mountain Steel in the United States together with Evraz Red Deer Works, Evraz Calgary Works, Evraz Camrose Works and Evraz Regina Steel in Canada. Evraz also owns the Dnepropetrovsk Iron and Steel Works (“DMZ”) in Ukraine, Evraz Palini e Bertoli (“Evraz Palini e Bertoli”) in Italy, Evraz Vitkovice Steel (“Evraz Vitkovice”) in the Czech Republic and Evraz Highveld Steel and Vanadium Corporation Limited (“Evraz Highveld”) in South Africa. In Ukraine, Evraz acquired three coking plants – Bagleykoks Coke Chemical Plant (“Bagleykoks”), Dnepropetrovsk Coke Chemical Plant (“Dneprokoks”) and Dneprodzerzhinsk Coke Chemical Plant (“DKHZ”).

　　The Company’s mining division includes the iron ore mining complexes: Evrazruda, Kachkanarsky Ore Mining and Processing Enterprise Vanady (‘KGOK”) and Vysokogorsky Ore Mining and Processing Enterprise (“VGOK”) in Russia, the Sukha Balka Iron Ore Mining and Processing Complex (“Sukha Balka”) in Ukraine and the Yuzhkuzbassugol Coal Company (”Yuzhkuzbassugol”) in Western Siberia. The Company also holds a 40% equity interest in the Raspadskaya Coal Company (“Raspadskaya”). Evraz operates as a vertically-integrated steel producer: in 2009 the Company was self-sufficient in respect of 96% of its internal iron ore requirements and 74% of its coking coal consumption. Evraz produced approximately 17.4 million tonnes of iron ore products in 2009 and mined 10.3 million tonnes of coking coal.

　　2006年6月，該公司耗資1.1億美元收購了美國最大的釩企業斯查特卡爾(Stratcor)公司72.9%的股份，之後成為世界釩市場占有率23%的龍頭企業。之所以選定釩，是由於該公司下屬的下塔吉爾公司是世界著名釩生產企業。該公司採用釩鈦磁鐵礦煉鐵與提釩工藝，掌握著俄羅斯絕大部分釩資源，耶弗拉茲決策層將釩產業做為優勢主幹產業，力求儘可能多地控制世界釩資源與釩合金產業。

　　最近，面臨金融危機，耶弗拉茲新聞發言人稱，其北美分公司的生產計劃將不改變，因為這裡的鋼材產品，尤其是厚板與大口徑鋼管的需求與價格，仍具有高水平。生產鋼軌的機組訂單充足，生產大口徑鋼管的機組訂單排到2010年末。IPSCO是北美最具活力的公司之一，2007年的最終利潤率為5.5%。另外，到2010年，美國正值更換公用管道系統的高峰，即便經濟蕭條，該公司也會獲得不錯收益。美國供水管道與輸油管道大多已近服役期滿，為避免事故頻發迫切需要徹底替換。IPSCO的主導產品為基礎建設所必需，因此其銷售是可保證的，當然在目前，合同價格走低，但無礙大局。按分析家的意見，耶弗拉茲北美分公司的債務負擔，由於沒有新的併購對象，其到今年年底短期債務約為22億美元，是可償付的，目前，該公司北美分部的形勢較為樂觀。

　　俄羅斯耶弗拉茲鋼鐵公司是世界鋼鐵公司中的佼佼者，這主要得益於其投資集中於美國利潤較大的鋼管業以及國際釩業。2007年1月12日，該公司耗資23億美元收購了美國最大的厚板、鋼管與鋼軌生產廠家俄勒岡鋼鐵公司，後者年產200萬噸高附加值鋼材。

　　為進一步強化北美中厚板市場，2008年1月17日，耶弗拉茲又以5.65億美元現金收購了美國中厚板生產廠家克拉蒙特(claymont)公司，後者年產優質板材50萬噸。2008年3月，耶弗拉茲與俄羅斯鋼管冶金公司(TMK)聯手，共同出資40.25億美元收購SSAB在北美的板材與管材業務，耶弗拉茲為此以23億美元獲得了SSABIPSCO在加拿大的業務。IPSCO是北美的主要鋼鐵企業，產品以石油、天然氣與機械用鋼為主，由此耶弗拉茲擴大了在北美高附加值鋼材市場的影響力。