蒂莫西·盖特纳

出自 MBA智库百科(https://wiki.mbalib.com/)

本条目包含过多不是中文的内容，欢迎协助翻译。 若已有相当内容译为中文，可迳自去除本模板。

蒂莫西·盖特纳(Timothy Geithner)

　　蒂莫西·盖特纳(Timothy Geithner)的全名蒂莫西·弗朗兹·盖特纳（Timothy Franz Geithner，1961年8月18日－）出生于纽约布鲁克林(Brooklyn)，美国经济学家，现任美国财政部长（2009年至今）。首个能说中文的美国财长，盖特纳常被媒体称为“中国通”。

　　相比美国政府其他高级官员，盖特纳的国际经验是一大优势。蒂莫西·盖特纳从小随在福特基金会任职的父亲在亚洲和非洲生活，从泰国首都曼谷一所高中毕业；先后就读于美国达特茅斯学院和约翰斯·霍普金斯大学，在约翰斯·霍普金斯大学高等国际研究学院获得国际经济与东亚研究的硕士学位；并学习过中文和日语，早年曾在中国、日本、泰国、印度和津巴布韦生活过；拥有政府与亚洲研究的学士学位。

　　1985年，他加入“基辛格同人公司”，成长为一名亚洲事务专家。他1988年进入美国财政部工作。从1995年到2001年，历任财政部助理部长帮办、助理部长高级帮办、助理部长和负责国际事务的副部长。此后，盖特纳曾在美国外交学会和国际货币基金组织任职。从2003年起，他担任美国纽约联邦储备银行行长。出任行长之前，他曾在美国财政部供职达14年之久，先后服务于克林顿时期的才张鲁滨河萨默斯，在1999年接任被提升为财长的萨默斯出任负责国际事务的副部长，萨默斯也因此被认为是盖特纳在政治上的导师。

　　参与了美国许多重要金融问题的决策，并与美国现任财长保尔森密切合作。盖特纳是处理金融危机的专家，此前曾研究过亚洲金融危机，曾参与制定墨西哥、印度尼西亚韩国巴西和泰国金融救援计划。在2008年美国政府应对金融危机的过程中发挥了重要作用，盖特纳是美联储系统内最坚定的低利率倡导者之一。

　　之前，盖特纳曾经过期欠交税。在AIG花红事件中，盖特纳是主角之一，而奥巴马誓言支持他，不必辞职。

　　早期的生活和教育

　　Geithner was born in Brooklyn, New York.^[1] He spent most of his childhood living outside the United States, including present-day Zimbabwe, Zambia, India, and Thailand where he completed high school at International School Bangkok.^[2] He attended Camp Becket-in-the-Berkshires-for-boys, a summer camp located in western Massachusetts. He then attended Dartmouth College, graduating with a B.A.in government and Asian studies in 1983^[3].He earned an M.A. in international economics and East Asian studies from Johns Hopkins University's School of Advanced International Studies in 1985.^[3][4] He has studied Chinese^[3] and Japanese.^[5]

　　Geithner's paternal grandfather, Paul Herman Geithner (1902–1972), emigrated with his parents from Zeulenroda, Germany to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1908.^[6] His father, Peter F. Geithner, is the director of the Asia program at the Ford Foundation in New York. During the early 1980s, Peter Geithner oversaw the Ford Foundation's microfinance programs in Indonesia being developed by S. Ann Dunham-Soetoro, President Barack Obama's mother, and they met in person at least once.^[7]Timothy Geithner's mother, Deborah Moore Geithner, is a pianist and piano teacher in Larchmont, New York where his parents currently reside. Geithner's maternal grandfather, Charles F. Moore, was an adviser to President Dwight D. Eisenhower and served as Vice President of Public Relations from 1952-1964 for Ford Motor Company.^[8]

　　早期的职业生涯

　　After completing his studies, Geithner worked for Kissinger and Associates in Washington, D.C., for three years and then joined the International Affairs division of the U.S. Treasury Department in 1988. He went on to serve as an attaché at the US Embassy in Tokyo. He was deputy assistant secretary for international monetary and financial policy (1995–1996), senior deputy assistant secretary for international affairs (1996-1997), assistant secretary for international affairs (1997–1998).^[4]

　　He was Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs (1998–2001) under Treasury Secretaries Robert Rubin and Lawrence Summers.^[4] Summers was his mentor,^[9][10] but other sources call him a Rubin protégé.^[10][11][12]

　　In 2002 he left the Treasury to join the Council on Foreign Relations as a Senior Fellow in the International Economics department.^[13] He was director of the Policy Development and Review Department (2001-2003) at the International Monetary Fund.^[4]

　　In October 2003 at age 42,^[14] he was named president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.^[15] His salary in 2007 was $398,200.^[16]Once at the New York Fed, he became Vice Chairman of the Federal Open Market Committee component. In 2006, he also became a member of the Washington-based financial advisory body, the Group of Thirty.^[17] In May 2007 he worked to reduce the capital required to run a bank.^[14] In November he rejected Sanford Weill's offer to take over as Citigroup's chief executive.^[14]

　　In March 2008, he arranged the rescue and sale of Bear Stearns;^[5][18] in the same year, he played a pivotal role in both the decision to bail out AIG as well as the government decision not to save Lehman Brothers from bankruptcy, though claims were made after Geithner's nomination that distanced him from both AIG and Lehman Brothers.^[19] As a Treasury official, he helped manage multiple international crises of the 1990s^[11] in Brazil, Mexico, Indonesia, South Korea and Thailand.^[12]

　　Geithner believes, along with Henry Paulson, that the United States Department of the Treasury needs new authority to experiment with responses to the financial crisis of 2008.^[5] Paulson has described Geithner as "[a] very unusually talented young man...[who] understands government and understands markets."^[18]

　　由于父亲是政府国际发展事务官员，经常驻外工作，盖特纳在美国、亚洲和非洲等多个国家和地区度过了童年时期。他高中就读于泰国首都曼谷一所中学，后回到美国就读达特茅斯大学，获政府和亚洲研究学士学位。此后，他又在霍普金斯大学获得国际经济和东亚研究硕士学位。他还学习过日语和中文。

　　踏入职业生涯后，盖特纳的第一份工作是担任美国前国务卿基辛格的研究助理。1988年，他加入美国财政部国际事务司，并在接下来10多年中先后担任负责国际货币和金融政策的副助理部长、负责国际事务的助理部长和负责国际事务的副部长。2002年，他加入美国外交学会，成为国际经济部门的高级研究员。同时，他还担任国际货币基金组织的政策发展和回顾部门负责人。2003年10月，他被任命为纽约联邦储备银行行长。2008年11月24日，美国当选总统奥巴马正式提名纽约联邦储备银行行长蒂莫西·盖特纳掌管财政部。

　　美国经济界和媒体认为，盖特纳对货币和金融政策理解深刻，并在国际贸易领域拥有丰富经验。此前，他曾参与过墨西哥、印度尼西亚、韩国、巴西和泰国等国的经济救援项目。2008年金融危机爆发后，他在稳定华尔街金融形势中发挥了核心作用。另外，盖特纳虽然曾为克林顿政府效力，但他没有强烈的党派意识，与国会共和党人和民主党人均保持良好关系。

　　盖特纳于1985年与达特茅斯大学同学卡罗尔结婚，两人育有一儿一女。

　　He married Carole Sonnenfeld Geithner on June 8, 1985 at his parents' summer home in East Orleans, Mass. The Rev., Thomas Keehn, a United Church of Christ minister, officiated. Ms. Sonnenfeld Geithner was working as a research associate for Common Cause at the time of her marriage to Mr Geithner. Her father, Albert Sonnenfeld, was a professor of French and comparative literature at Princeton University, and her mother, Portia Sonnenfeld, was the conductor of the Chamber Symphony of Princeton.^[2]

　　Timothy and Carole Sonnenfeld Geithner have two children, Elise who will be attending Stanford in the fall(b. 1991) and Benjamin (b. 1994).