諾和諾德

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諾和諾德英文官方網站：http://www.novonordisk.com

諾和諾德中文官方網站：http://www.novonordisk.com.cn

　　諾和諾德（Novo Nordisk，OMX: NOVO B, NYSE: NVO）是世界領先的生物製藥公司，在用於糖尿病治療的胰島素開發和生產方面居世界領先地位。諾和諾德總部位於丹麥首都哥本哈根，員工總數18,000人，分佈於70個國家，產品銷售遍佈179個國家。在歐美均建有生產廠。

諾和諾德的歷史最早可追溯至1923年。近80年來，諾和諾德不斷運用先進的生物技術完善胰島素研究和生產手段，取得突破性進展，成為這一領域的先驅。諾和諾德率先推出長效胰島素，預混胰島素，高純胰島素，人體胰島素和胰島素註射筆。同時，諾和諾德又率先推出新一類的口服降糖藥-諾和龍，從而極大地提高了糖尿病治療和控制水平，改善了糖尿病人的生活質量。此外，諾和諾德還在凝血治療、生長保健以及激素替代療法等很多方面居世界領先地位。

諾和諾德的產品60年代初就已進入中國市場。1994年初，諾和諾德董事會通過了在中國實施戰略投資的計劃，在北京建立諾和諾德（中國）製藥有限公司總部和生物技術研究發展中心，併在天津興建現代化生產工廠。

諾和諾德的標誌是古埃及動物Apis公牛，它被看成是掌管科學和藝術之神-Ptah的化身，象徵著生命和健康。公司標誌是1925年根據一尊公元前600 年的古埃及青銅雕像設計的。諾和諾德公司選用Apis公牛作為標誌，象徵著公司繼承和發揚幾百年來藥學家和化學家努力進取，不斷探索的古老傳統。

主要產品：人胰島素系列－諾和靈 諾和針 諾和英 諾和筆；新一代速效胰島素註射液 諾和銳；促胰島素分泌劑 諾和龍；人胰高血糖素諾和生

Novo Nordisk (Template:OMX, NVO) manufactures and markets pharmaceutical products and services. Created in 1989 through a merger of two Danish companies dating back to the 1920s, it has become one of the world's leading companies in diabetes care, where Novo Nordisk pursues research into pulmonary delivery systems; other companies, such as Meditronic, have expanded into insulin pump systems. Novo Nordisk also commands large sectors of the markets in haemostasis management, growth hormone therapy and hormone replacement therapy.

With headquarters in Denmark, Novo Nordisk has production facilities in six countries, with affiliates or offices in 80 countries. Novo Nordisk employs approximately 26,000 people globally (as of 2007)^[1] , and markets its products in 179 countries.

Novo Nordisk founded the World Diabetes foundation to save the lives of those affected by diabetes in developing countries and were instrumental in achieving a UN resolution to fight diabetes. Making diabetes the only other disease alongside HIV / AIDS to have a commintment to combat at a UN level.

The Novo Nordisk logo is the Apis bull, one of the sacred animals of ancient Egypt. The Apis bull was worshipped as the incarnation of Ptah, creator of the universe, city god of Memphis and the patron deity of craftsmen.

The logo is a stylised reproduction of an Egyptian statuette dating from circa 664–323 BC. It is richly ornamented with symbols representing, among other things, the eternal dualities of life, day and night, life and death.

The Apis bull has been Novo’s logo since the year after the company’s foundation. The choice of the logo follows an old European chemist's tradition of identifying pharmacies by an animal symbol.

Novo Nordisk have sponsored the International Diabetes Federation's Unite for Diabetes campaign — a campaign that has successfully achieved a UN Resolution on Diabetes.

As such, they have also launched the Novo Nordisk Changing Diabetes World Tour — a truck that folds out into an educational and awareness-developing bus. The vehicle was launched in Copenhagen in September 2005 and has visited Europe, Africa, Australia, Asia, the Indian subcontinent and the United States. The bus journey culminated in being stationed in New York City for the inaugural World Diabetes Day on November 14, 2007.

Template:References Novo Nordisk was created in 1989 through a merger between two Danish companies – Novo Industri A/S and Nordisk Gentofte A/S.

• 1923 Nordisk Insulinlaboratorium (later Nordisk Gentofte) founded.
• 1925 Novo Terapeutisk Laboratorium (later Novo Industri) founded.
• 1932 Nordisk Insulinlaboratorium founds the Steno Memorial Hospital.
• 1938 Novo founds Hvidøre Diabetes Sanatorium.
• 1941 Novo launches its first enzyme, trypsin, extracted from the pancreas of animals and used for bating leather before tanning.
• 1946 Nordisk develops isophane insulin, branded as Neutral Protamine Haegdorn or NPH insulin, a neutral insulin with prolonged action.
• 1947 Penicillin Novo is launched – Novo's first product to be manufactured through fermentation.
• 1953 Lente – a long-acting insulin zinc suspension – is launched.
• 1963 Alcalase – Novo's first detergent enzyme produced by fermentation.
• 1973 Nordisk Gentofte markets Nanormon growth hormone for the treatment of growth hormone insufficiency. The growth hormone is extracted from human pituitary glands.
• 1973 Monocomponent (MC) insulin is introduced – the purest insulin available.
• 1974 Novo's B shares are quoted on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange.
• 1977 Trisequens – sequential combined oral hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for peri-menopausal women – is marketed.
• 1977 Novo enters the U.S. insulin market, but based on market share data, the company was a very marginal player.
• 1978 In an effort to alleviate its product and quality problems in the U.S. insulin market, E.R. Squibb & Sons contracts with Novo. Novo becomes the single bulk supplier of insulin for Squibb.
• 1981 Novo becomes the first company in Scandinavia to be quoted on the New York Stock Exchange.
• 1982 Novo enters into a 50/50 U.S. joint venture with E.R. Squibb & Sons, known as Squibb-Novo, based in Princeton, NJ. Squibb-Novo became the distributor for Novo insulin sold in the U.S. market, with Novo focused on producing insulin, and Squibb focused on distributing and selling the product. The joint venture is able to significantly increase Novo's U.S. market share.
• 1982 'Human' Monocomponent insulin is launched in the U.S. – the world's first insulin preparation which is structurally identical to human insulin. It is extracted from the pancreas of pigs and converted to human insulin chemically.
• 1983 Novo Industri A/S enters a joint venture with Canada's Connaught Laboratories, considered to be the birthplace of insulin. Under the terms of the agreement, Novo agreed to manufacture insulin in Canada for distribution by Connaught. Novo Laboratories Ltd. agreed to lease, modernize and operate Connaught's insulin production facilities. Another subsidiary company, Connaught-Novo, was jointly owned by both parent companies. Connought Laboratories was privatized by the Mulroney government in 1985.
• 1985 NovoPen – an injection system similar in appearance to a fountain pen, with replaceable insulin cartridges – is launched.
• 1987 Novo starts production of human insulin with the help of genetically engineered yeast cells using recombinant DNA technology.
• 1988 Nordisk Gentofte markets Norditropin genetically engineered human growth hormone.
• 1989 Novo Industri A/S and Nordisk Gentofte A/S merge to become Novo Nordisk A/S, the world's leading producer of insulin.
• 1989 Following the merger of Novo and Nordisk, and the merger of Bristol-Myers and E.R. Squibb & Sons, the Squibb-Novo joint venture in the U.S. was dissolved. Novo purchased Squibb's 50% share and all rights to the joint U.S. diabetes care business.
• 1989 NovoLet – the world's first prefilled insulin syringe – is marketed.
• 1992 The Steno Memorial Hospital and Hvidøre Hospital merge to form the Steno Diabetes Center.
• 1994 Novo Nordisk Canada Inc. and Connaught Laboratories Ltd. announced a distribution agreement, which replaced their joint venture which was known as Connaught Novo Nordisk Inc. Under the terms of the agreement, Connaught received a financial consideration and a percentage fee for distribution services related to Novo Nordisk Canada's diabetes care products. Connaught continued to distribute Novo Nordisk Canada's diabetes products in Canada and Bermuda.
• 1994 Novo Nordisk is the first company in Denmark – and one of the first in the world – to publish an environmental report.
• 1996 NovoSeven – for the treatment of haemophilia patients with inhibitor reaction – is launched.
• 1998 NovoNorm/Prandin, a new oral treatment for type 2 diabetes, is launched in the US and a number of European countries.
• 1998 Activelle – the first low-dose continuous combined oral HRT for post-menopausal women – is introduced.
• 1999 Novo Nordisk publishes its first social report.
• 1999 Innovo, the world’s first insulin doser with a built-in electronic memory, is launched in Europe.
• 1999 NovoRapid (NovoLog in the US) – a rapid-acting insulin analogue – is marketed.
• 1999 Norditropin SimpleXx – the world’s first liquid growth hormone in a dedicated pen system – is launched.
• 2000 Novofem, a low-dose sequential combined oral HRT, is marketed in Germany. Two years later it is launched in several other European countries.
• 2000 Novo Nordisk is split into three separate companies operating under the umbrella of the Novo Group: Novo Nordisk A/S, Novozymes A/S and Novo A/S.
• 2001 InnoLet – the first insulin delivery system specially designed to suit the needs of insulin users with poor eyesight and reduced dexterity – is launched.
• 2001 InDuo – the world’s first combined blood glucose monitor and insulin injection system – is introduced.
• 2001 NovoRapid FlexPen and Insulatard (NPH) FlexPen are marketed. FlexPen is a new prefilled pen, designed to be easy and discreet to use.
• 2001 Novo Nordisk acquires the controlling interest in the Brazilian pharmaceutical company Biobrás.
• 2002 NovoMix 30 FlexPen and NovoMix Penfill are introduced. NovoMix 30 is a dual-release insulin analogue.
• 2004 Levemir – a long-acting insulin analogue – is launched.
• 2005 Novo Nordisk announced that the company had moved into a leadership position in the U.S. insulin market for the first time ever based on the most recent data on total insulin volume.^[2]