第一能源公司

出自 MBA智库百科(https://wiki.mbalib.com/)

本條目包含過多不是中文的內容，歡迎協助翻譯。 若已有相當內容譯為中文，可逕自去除本模板。

　　第一能源公司網站網址：http://www.firstenergycorp.com/

　　第一能源公司(FirstEnergy Corp.，NYSE: FE)是一家公共事業控股型公司，在全美列為第四大電力供應公司。總部設在美國俄亥俄州的阿克蘭，為俄亥俄、賓州、新澤西州的用戶供電和提供天然氣的服務。第一能源公司十分重視開展電子服務工作，利用互聯網和通訊技術不斷改進對客戶的服務水平，以增收節支。第一能源公司的發展戰略就是努力打造最先進的電子商務——通過建設顧客服務網來提供全美最好的電子式電力服務。

　　該公司建設的顧客服務網在全美是首屈一指的，因為它擁有在電子信息技術上的優勢——他們是第一通訊公司的控股公司。

　　美國第一能源公司實力極為雄厚，每年的收入超過120億美元，資產超過340億美元，擁有14700英里的輸電線路和103個連接線路，將14個電力系統聯結在一起。此外還運行著16個發電廠，總容量為1300萬千瓦。為了提高供電可靠性，該公司還準備了80萬千瓦啟動迅速的燃氣發電設備，以滿足高峰時的需求。

　　第一能源公司的業務主要包括電力生產、電力輸送分配、石油和天然氣的開采生產、天然氣的輸送和營銷、能源管理以及其它與能源相關的服務。

　　FirstEnergy Corp. (NYSE: FE), is a diversified energy company headquartered in Akron, Ohio. Its subsidiaries and affiliates are involved in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity, as well as energy management and other energy-related services. Its seven electric utility operating companies comprise the nation’s fifth largest investor-owned electric system, based on serving 4.5 million customers within a 36,100-square-mile (93,000 km2) area of Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey; and its generation subsidiaries control more than 14,000 megawatts of capacity. In 2007, FirstEnergy ranked 212 on the Fortune 500 list of the largest public corporations in America. Contents

　　FirstEnergy was formed in 1997, when Ohio Edison Company and its subsidiary, Pennsylvania Power Company merged with Centerior Energy Corp. and its subsidiaries, The Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company and The Toledo Edison Company. In 2001, FirstEnergy merged with GPU, Inc., the owner of Jersey Central Power & Light Company, Pennsylvania Electric Company (Penelec), and Metropolitan Edison Company (Met-Ed).

　　Ohio Edison Company (formerly NYSE: OEC) was a publicly-traded holding company that began in 1930, from the consolidation of 200 electric companies. By 1950, it ended up with two utility operating companies. Ohio Edison Company continued in existence until 1997 when its merger with Centerior formed FirstEnergy:

• In 1944, the Pennsylvania Power Company became a subsidiary of Ohio Edison, and is now one of the seven FirstEnergy operating utilities.

• In 1950, the Ohio Edison Company merged with the Ohio Public Service Company, which continued to operate under its new Ohio Edison name. It is now one of the seven FirstEnergy operating companies.

　　Centerior Energy Corporation (formerly NYSE: CX) was formed in 1986 from the merger of two old operating companies. Centerior was based in Independence, Ohio and existed as a publicly-traded holding company for only ten years, until its merger with Ohio Edison formed FirstEnergy in 1997:

• Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company, commonly known as The Illuminating Company, was a publicly-traded operating company through 1986, until it merged with Toledo Edison to come under the control of Centerior. Having been acquired by 1929, (org chart) by 1940 it had become one of ten major direct subsidiaries of North American Company, which in turn had once been one of the original 12 stocks listed in the Dow Jones Industrial Average.

• Toledo Edison Company (formerly NYSE: TED) was a publicly-traded utility operating company, until it merged to form Centerior in 1986.

　　General Public Utilities (formerly NYSE: GPU) was a publicly-traded utility holding company in Morristown, New Jersey. In 1996 the company was reorganized and renamed GPU, Inc. In 1996 it formed a new division as well, GPU Energy, which became the holding company for its three utility operating companies:

• Jersey Central Power and Light

• Penelec, formerly Pennsylvania Electric Company

• Met-Ed, formerly Metropolitan Edison

　　In 2001, FirstEnergy Corporation, with its four utility operating companies, merged with GPU, Inc., bringing GPU's three additional operating companies into FirstEnergy as well.

　　Through the 2001 acquisition of GPU, FirstEnergy also acquired:

• MYR Group (formerly NYSE: MYR), a subsidiary that GPU had created as a publicly-traded company in the 1996 reorganization, to install and maintain utility power lines and cellular telephone communications towers.

　　FirstEnergy's electric generation is primarily from coal and nuclear power plants. The system also includes natural gas, oil, and hydroelectric power plants. FirstEnergy operates the Beaver Valley, Davis-Besse, and Perry nuclear power plants.

　　A study conducted by the University of Massachusetts has named FirstEnergy Corp. the 58th most toxic corporate air polluter with 21.65 million pounds of toxic air releases in 2002.

　　FirstEnergy is required to pay $1.5 billion by 2011 as part of a settlement to end a lawsuit that the United States Environmental Protection Agency? has filed. This lawsuit alleged that the company failed to install pollution control equipment when upgrading its coal burning plants. Also as part of the settlement, major pollution control equipment is now being installed at the FirstEnergy Sammis site and others. This lawsuit was one of the New Source Review lawsuits filed in the 1990s.

　　In order to show that the company is concerned about the environment, FirstEnergy Solutions Corp. has given renewable energy certificates to help balance out the amount of electricity used in Earth Day events that were held at nine post-secondary education locations in Maryland, New Jersey, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. Each of the schools received five SmartWind REC’s, enough energy to light a large building for the entire day.

　　The 2003 North American blackout was attributed partly to FirstEnergy's failure to trim the trees around its high voltage lines in a certain sector of Ohio; heat and extreme power needs caused the lines to sag, coming into contact with the trees and causing flashover.

　　The Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission voted on January 16, 2004 to investigate Metropolitan Edison, Pennsylvania Electric and Pennsylvania Power (the former GPU companies) because their service reliability "may have fallen below established standards". A quarter century earlier, GPU's Three Mile Island was the scene of the worst civilian nuclear accident in American history.

　　On Friday, January 20, 2006, FirstEnergy acknowledged a cover-up of serious safety violations by former workers at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station, and accepted a plea bargain with the U.S. Department of Justice in lieu of possible federal criminal prosecution. The plea bargain relates to the March 2002 discovery of severe corrosion in the pressure vessel of the nuclear reactor, contained within the plant's containment building. In the agreement, the company agreed to pay fines of $23 million, with an additional $5 million to be contributed toward research on alternative energy sources and to Habitat for Humanity as well as to pay for costs related to the Federal investigation. In addition, two former employees and one former contractor were indicted for purposely deceiving Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) inspectors in multiple documents (including one videotape) over several years, hiding evidence that the reactor pressure vessel was being seriously corroded by boric acid. The maximum penalty for the three is 25 years in prison. The indictment also cites other employees as providing false information to inspectors, but does not name them.

　　In 2005, the NRC identified two earlier incidents at Davis-Besse as being among the top five events (excluding the actual disaster at Three Mile Island) most likely to have resulted in a nuclear disaster in the event of a subsequent failure.